After two months of lockdown in one way or another, we can have limited freedom now in our own city or province or even country, but not yet other countries. Most of us can not yet travel across the border. But for those who love to travel for culture and art, they can at least visit some of the best museums around world without leaving their homes. Other than Metropolitan Museum of Art, all other museums are in Europe, with one in United Kingdom, one in France, one in Italy, one in Vatican, one in Holland, and two in Spain.
1. British Museum, London, United Kindom
The British Museum, in the Bloomsbury area of London, United Kingdom, is a public institution dedicated to human history, art and culture. Its permanent collection of some eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence, having been widely sourced during the era of the British Empire. It documents the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present. It was the first public national museum in the world.
The British Museum was established in 1753, largely based on the collections of the Irish physician and scientist Sir Hans Sloane. It first opened to the public in 1759, in Montagu House, on the site of the current building. Its expansion over the following 250 years was largely a result of expanding British colonisation and has resulted in the creation of several branch institutions, the first being the Natural History Museum in 1881.
And now there are 11 ways for you to stay curious, keep learning, and experience over two million years of human history – all without stepping out your front door.
2. Musée du Louvre, Paris, France
Une préfiguration en est imaginée en 1775-1776 par le comte d'Angivillier, directeur général des Bâtiments du roi, comme lieu de présentation des chefs-d'œuvre de la collection de la Couronne. Ce musée n'a été inauguré qu'en 1793 sous l'appellation de Muséum central des arts de la République dans le palais du Louvre, ancienne résidence royale située au centre de Paris, est aujourd'hui le plus grand musée d'art et d'antiquités au monde. Sa surface d'exposition est de 72 735 m
The Louvre (or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre , is the world's largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France. A central landmark of the city, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward).
Approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 72,735 square meters (782,910 square feet). In 2019, the Louvre received 9.6 million visitors, making it the most visited museum in the world. The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as the Louvre castle in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II. Remnants of the fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to urban expansion, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function, and in 1546 Francis I converted it into the primary residence of the French Kings. The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection, including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture. In 1692, the building was occupied by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres and the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, which in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Académie remained at the Louvre for 100 years. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's masterpieces. The museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being royal and confiscated church property. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum was closed in 1796 until 1801. The collection was increased under Napoleon and the museum was renamed Musée Napoléon, but after Napoleon's abdication, many works seized by his armies were returned to their original owners. The collection was further increased during the reigns of Louis XVIII and Charles X, and during the Second French Empire the museum gained 20,000 pieces. Holdings have grown steadily through donations and bequests since the Third Republic. The collection is divided among eight curatorial departments: Egyptian Antiquities; Near Eastern Antiquities; Greek, Etruscan and Roman Antiquities; Islamic Art; Sculpture; Decorative Arts; Paintings; Prints and Drawings.
3. Gallerie Uffizi, Florence, Italy
La Galleria degli Uffizi, attualmente denominata Galleria delle Statue e delle Pitture (ex Palazzo degli Uffizi), fa parte del complesso museale fiorentino denominato Le Gallerie degli Uffizi e comprendente, oltre alla suddetta galleria, il Corridoio Vasariano, le collezioni di Palazzo Pitti e il Giardino dei Boboli.
Le quattro realtà museali unificate costituiscono per quantità e qualità delle opere raccolte uno dei più importanti musei del mondo. Vi si trovano la più cospicua collezione esistente di Raffaello e Botticelli, oltre a nuclei fondamentali di opere di Giotto, Tiziano, Pontormo, Bronzino, Andrea del Sarto, Caravaggio, Dürer, Rubens ed altri ancora. Mentre a Palazzo Pitti si concentrano le opere pittoriche del Cinquecento e del Barocco (spaziando da Giorgione a Tiziano, da Ribera a Van Dyck), ma anche dell'Ottocento e Novecento italiano, il corridoio Vasariano ospitava fino al 2018 parte della Collezione di Autoritratti (oltre 1.700), che prossimamente sarà ospitata nella Galleria delle Statue e delle Pitture. Il museo ospita una raccolta di opere d'arte inestimabili, derivanti, come nucleo fondamentale, dalle collezioni dei Medici, arricchite nei secoli da lasciti, scambi e donazioni, tra cui spicca un fondamentale gruppo di opere religiose derivate dalle soppressioni di monasteri e conventi tra il XVIII e il XIX secolo. Divisa in varie sale allestite per scuole e stili in ordine cronologico, l'esposizione mostra opere dal XII al XVIII secolo, con la migliore collezione al mondo di opere del Rinascimento fiorentino. Di grande pregio sono anche la collezione di statuaria antica e soprattutto quella dei disegni e delle stampe che, conservata nel Gabinetto omonimo, è una delle più cospicue ed importanti al mondo.
The Uffizi Gallery is a prominent art museum located adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.
After the ruling house of Medici died out, their art collections were gifted to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1765 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865. Today, the Uffizi is one of the most popular tourist attractions of Florence and one of the most visited art museums in the world.
4. Musei Vaticani, Vatican city state
I Musei Vaticani sono il polo museale della Città del Vaticano.Fondati da papa Giulio II nel XVI secolo, occupano gran parte del vasto cortile del Belvedere e sono una delle raccolte d'arte più grandi del mondo, dal momento che espongono l'enorme collezione di opere d'arte accumulata nei secoli dai papi: la Cappella Sistina e gli appartamenti papali affrescati da Michelangelo e Raffaello sono parte delle opere che i visitatori possono ammirare nel loro percorso. Benché i musei si trovino interamente in territorio vaticano, il loro ingresso si trova in territorio italiano, in viale Vaticano 6 a Roma.
The Vatican Museums (Italian: Musei Vaticani; Latin: Musea Vaticana) are the public art and sculpture museums in the Vatican City. They display works from the immense collection amassed by the Roman Catholic Church and the Papacy throughout the centuries including several of the most renowned Roman sculptures and most important masterpieces of Renaissance art in the world. The museums contain roughly 70,000 works, of which 20,000 are on display, and currently employ 640 people who work in 40 different administrative, scholarly, and restoration departments.
Pope Julius II founded the museums in the early 16th century.The Sistine Chapel with its ceiling decorated by Michelangelo and the Stanze di Raffaello decorated by Raphael are on the visitor route through the Vatican Museums.They are one of the largest museums in the world and one of the most visited. There are 54 galleries, or sale, in total with the Sistine Chapel, notably, being the very last sala within the Museum.
Virtual tour of The Vatican Museums
5. El Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain
El Museo Nacional del Prado, en Madrid, España, es uno de los más importantes del mundo, singularmente rico en cuadros de maestros europeos de los siglos XVI al XIX, según el historiador del arte e hispanista Jonathan Brown «pocos se atreverían a poner en duda que es el museo más importante del mundo en pintura europea».
Su principal atractivo radica en la amplia presencia de Velázquez, el Greco, Goya (el artista más extensamente representado en el museo),Tiziano, Rubens y el Bosco, de los que posee las mejores y más extensas colecciones que existen a nivel mundial, a lo que hay que sumar destacados conjuntos de autores tan importantes como Murillo, Ribera, Zurbarán, Fra Angelico, Rafael, Veronese, Tintoretto, Patinir, Antonio Moro, Van Dyck o Poussin, por citar solo algunos de los más relevantes. El inventario de bienes artísticos comprendía, a febrero de 2017, más de 35 000 objetos, desglosados en 8045 pinturas, 9561 dibujos, 5973 estampas y 34 matrices de estampación, 971 esculturas (además de 154 fragmentos), 1189 piezas de artes decorativas, 38 armas y armaduras, 2155 medallas y monedas, por encima de 15 000 fotografías, 4 libros y 155 mapas. Por endémicas limitaciones de espacio, el museo exhibía una selección de obras de máxima calidad (unas 900), por lo que era definido como «la mayor concentración de obras maestras por metro cuadrado». Al igual que otros grandes museos europeos, como el Louvre de París y los Uffizi de Florencia, el Prado debe su origen a la afición coleccionista de las dinastías gobernantes a lo largo de varios siglos. Refleja los gustos personales de los reyes españoles y su red de alianzas y sus enemistades políticas, por lo que es una colección asimétrica, insuperable en determinados artistas y estilos, y limitada en otros. Solo desde el siglo XX se procura, con resultados desiguales, solventar las ausencias más notorias. El Prado no es un museo enciclopédico al estilo del Museo del Louvre, el Hermitage, el Metropolitan, la National Gallery de Londres, o incluso el vecino Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, que tienen obras de prácticamente todas las escuelas y épocas. Por el contrario, es una colección intensa y distinguida, formada esencialmente por unos pocos reyes aficionados al arte, donde muchas obras fueron creadas por encargo. El fondo procedente de la Colección Real se ha ido complementando con aportaciones posteriores, que apenas han modificado su perfil inicial, puesto que, a diferencia de lo habitual en las pinacotecas nacionales de otros países, los esfuerzos, más que a completar las faltas, han ido dirigidos a reforzar el núcleo esencial. Muchos expertos la consideran una colección «de pintores admirados por pintores», enseñanza inagotable para nuevas generaciones de artistas, desde Manet, Mary Cassatt, Renoir, Toulouse-Lautrec y Degas, que visitaron el museo en el siglo XIX, hasta Picasso, Matisse, Dalí, Francis Bacon y Antonio Saura, quien decía: «Este museo no es el más extenso, pero sí el más intenso». Las escuelas pictóricas de España, Flandes e Italia (sobre todo Venecia) ostentan el protagonismo en el Prado, seguidas por el fondo francés, más limitado si bien con buenos ejemplos de Nicolas Poussin y Claudio de Lorena. La pintura alemana cuenta con un repertorio discontinuo, con cuatro obras maestras de Durero y múltiples retratos de Mengs como principales tesoros. Junto al breve repertorio de pintura británica, circunscrito casi al género del retrato, hay que mencionar la pintura holandesa, una sección no demasiado amplia pero que incluye a Rembrandt. Aunque sean aspectos menos conocidos, el museo cuenta también con una importante sección de Artes decorativas (que incluye el Tesoro del Delfín) y con una colección de esculturas, en la que destacan las greco-romanas. Junto con el Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza y el Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, el Museo Nacional del Prado forma el llamado Triángulo del Arte, meca de numerosos turistas de todo el mundo. Esta área se enriquece con otras instituciones cercanas: el Museo Arqueológico Nacional, el Museo Nacional de Artes Decorativas, la Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando y otros pequeños museos.
The Prado Museum (Spanish: Museo del Prado ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It is widely considered to have one of the world's finest collections of European art, dating from the 12th century to the early 20th century, based on the former Spanish Royal Collection, and the single best collection of Spanish art. Founded as a museum of paintings and sculpture in 1819, it also contains important collections of other types of works. The Prado Museum is one of the most visited sites in the world, and it is considered one of the greatest art museums in the world. The numerous works by Francisco Goya, the single most extensively represented artist, as well as by Hieronymus Bosch, El Greco, Peter Paul Rubens, Titian, and Diego Velázquez, are some of the highlights of the collection.
The collection currently comprises around 8,200 drawings, 7,600 paintings, 4,800 prints, and 1,000 sculptures, in addition to many other works of art and historic documents. It is one of the largest museums in Spain. The best-known work on display at the museum is Las Meninas by Velázquez. Velázquez and his keen eye and sensibility were also responsible for bringing much of the museum's fine collection of Italian masters to Spain, now the largest outside Italy.
Virtual tour of Museo del Prado
6. El Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza
El Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza es una pinacoteca de maestros antiguos y modernos ubicada en Madrid, España. Su existencia se debe al acuerdo de arrendamiento (1988) y a la posterior adquisición, por parte del Gobierno español (1993), del núcleo más valioso de la colección privada reunida a lo largo de siete décadas por la familia Thyssen-Bornemisza. Este fondo artístico aportó numerosos ejemplos de pintores extranjeros ausentes de los museos españoles, desde el gótico de los siglos XIV y XV (Duccio, Jan van Eyck) hasta el pop art y la pintura figurativa de los años 1980 (Lucian Freud, Richard Estes), por lo que vino a complementar el repertorio expuesto en los dos principales centros estatales, el Museo del Prado y el Reina Sofía. La apertura del Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza en 1992 dio lugar, al unirse a estos dos museos, al llamado Triángulo del Arte del paseo del Prado, área museística de Madrid que concentra el acervo pictórico más importante de España.
The Thyssen-Bornemisza National Museum (Spanish, the Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza), or simply the Thyssen, is an art museum in Madrid, Spain, located near the Prado Museum on one of city's main boulevards. It is known as part of the "Golden Triangle of Art", which also includes the Prado and the Reina Sofia national galleries. The Thyssen-Bornemisza fills the historical gaps in its counterparts' collections: in the Prado's case this includes Italian primitives and works from the English, Dutch and German schools, while in the case of the Reina Sofia it concerns Impressionists, Expressionists, and European and American paintings from the 20th century.
With over 1,600 paintings, it was once the second largest private collection in the world after the British Royal Collection. A competition was held to house the core of the collection in 1987–88 after Baron Thyssen, having unsuccessfully sought permission to enlarge his Museum in Lugano (Villa Favorita), searched for a better-suited location elsewhere in Europe. 7. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, Holland
The Rijksmuseum (English: National Museum) is a Dutch national museum dedicated to arts and history in Amsterdam. The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough Amsterdam South, close to the Van Gogh Museum, the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, and the Concertgebouw.
The Rijksmuseum was founded in The Hague on 19 November 1798 and moved to Amsterdam in 1808, where it was first located in the Royal Palace and later in the Trippenhuis. It was the most visited museum in the Netherlands and also the largest art museum in the country. The museum has on display 8,000 objects of art and history, from their total collection of 1 million objects from the years 1200–2000, among which are some masterpieces by Rembrandt, Frans Hals, and Johannes Vermeer. The museum also has a small Asian collection, which is on display in the Asian pavilion.
Virtual tour of Rijksmuseum
8. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA
The Metropolitan Museum of Art of New York City, colloquially "the Met", is the largest art museum in the United States and one of the most visited art museums in the world. The Metropolitan Museum of Art was founded in 1870 for the purposes of opening a museum to bring art and art education to the American people.
Its permanent collection contains over two million works, divided among 17 curatorial departments. The permanent collection consists of works of art from classical antiquity and ancient Egypt, paintings, and sculptures from nearly all the European masters, and an extensive collection of American and modern art. The Met maintains extensive holdings of African, Asian, Oceanian, Byzantine, and Islamic art. The museum is home to encyclopedic collections of musical instruments, costumes, and accessories, as well as antique weapons and armor from around the world. Several notable interiors, ranging from 1st-century Rome through modern American design, are installed in its galleries.
Virtual tour of The Met
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