Profile of Lee Miller
Elizabeth "Lee" Miller, Lady Penrose (April 23, 1907 – July 21, 1977), was an American model, photographer and photojournalist. She was a fashion model in New York City in the 1920s before going to Paris, where she became a fashion and fine art photographer. During the Second World War, she was a war correspondent for Vogue, covering events such as the London Blitz, the liberation of Paris.
A woman's Solarised portrait (Meret Oppenheim?) photo by Lee Miller, Paris, 1930
Biography of Lee Miller
Childhood, New York
Lee Miller was born on April 23, 1907, in New York. Her father was of German descent, and her mother of Scottish and Irish descent. Theodore always favored Lee. In her childhood, Miller experienced issues in her formal education, being expelled from almost every school she attended. In 1925, at the age of eighteen, Miller moved to Paris where she studied lighting, costume and design at the Ladislas Medgyes' School of Stagecraft. She returned to New York in 1926 and joined an experimental drama programme at Vassar College then enrolled in the Art Students League of New York in Manhattan to study life drawing and painting..
Become model
At 19 Lee Miller nearly stepped in front of a car on a Manhattan street but was saved by Condé Nast, the publisher of Vogue. This incident helped launch her modeling career.
she appeared on the cover of Vogue on March 15, 1927. Miller's look was exactly what Vogue's then editor-in-chief Edna Woolman Chase was looking for to represent the emerging idea of the "modern girl." For the next two years, Miller was one of the most sought-after models in New York, photographed by leading fashion photographers including Edward Steichen, Arnold Genthe, Nickolas Muray and George Hoyningen-Huene. A photograph of Miller by Steichen was used to advertise Kotex menstrual pads, without her consent, effectively ending her career as a fashion model. She was hired by a fashion designer in 1929 to make drawings of fashion details in Renaissance paintings but she found photography more efficient. 
Lee Miller in Chanel by Edward Steichen, 1928
Lee Miller by Man Ray, 1929
1929, Photographer, Man Ray, Paris
In 1929, Lee Miller traveled to Paris with the intention of apprenticing herself to the surrealist artist and photographer Man Ray but soon Miller soon became his model and collaborator, as well as his lover and muse. While she was in Paris, she began her own photographic studio, often taking over Ray's fashion assignments to enable him to concentrate on his painting. So closely did they collaborate that photographs taken by Miller during this period are credited to Ray.
Together with Ray, she rediscovered the photographic technique of solarisation, through an accident variously described, with one of Miller's accounts involving a mouse running over her foot, causing her to switch on the light in mid-development.
Amongst Miller's circle of friends were Pablo Picasso and fellow Surrealists Paul Éluard and Jean Cocteau, the latter of whom was so mesmerized by Miller's beauty that he coated her in butter and transformed her into a plaster cast of a classical statue for his film, The Blood of a Poet (1930).
Photography is perfectly suited to women as a profession...it seems to me that women have a bigger chance at success in photography than men...women are quicker and more adaptable than men. And I think they have an intuition that helps them understand personalities more quickly than men."
1932, Photographer, New York
In 1932, Lee Miller returned to New York City and established a portrait and commercial photography studio with her brother Erik as her darkroom assistant.
Clients of the Lee Miller Studio included BBDO, Henry Sell, Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein, Saks Fifth Avenue, I. Magnin and Co., and Jay Thorpe. During 1932 Miller was included in the Modern European Photography exhibition at the Julien Levy Gallery in New York and in the Brooklyn Museum's exhibition International Photographers with László Moholy-Nagy, Cecil Beaton, Margaret Bourke-White, Tina Modotti, Charles Sheeler, Ray, and Edward Weston. In response to the exhibition, Katherine Grant Sterne wrote a review in Parnassus in March 1932, noting that Miller "has retained more of her American character in the Paris milieu. The very beautiful Bird Cages at Brooklyn; the study of a pink-nailed hand embedded in curly blond hair which is included in both the Brooklyn and the Julien Levy show; and the brilliant print of a white statue against a black drop, illumine the fact rather than distort it." In 1933, Julien Levy gave Miller the only solo exhibition of her life. Among her portrait clients were the surrealist artist Joseph Cornell, actresses Lilian Harvey and Gertrude Lawrence. 
1934, marriage, Cairo, Egypt
In 1934, Miller abandoned her studio to marry the Egyptian businessman and engineer Aziz Eloui Bey, who had come to New York City to buy equipment for the Egyptian National Railways. Although she did not work as a professional photographer during this period, the photographs she took while living in Egypt with Eloui, including Portrait of Space, are regarded as some of her most striking surrealist images.
In Cairo, Miller took a photograph of the desert near Siwa that Magritte saw and used as inspiration for his 1938 painting "Le Baiser." Miller also contributed an object to the Surrealist Objects and Poems exhibition at the London Gallery in 1934.
1940s, Photojournalist, USA, France
In 1937, Miller returned to Paris, where she met the British surrealist painter and curator Roland Penrose.
Four of her photographs ("Egypt" (1939), "Roumania" (1938), "Libya" (1939), and "Sinai" (1939)) were displayed at the 1940 exhibition Surrealism To-Day at the Zwemmer Gallery in London, and she herself moved to London to live with Roland Penrose. When the Second World War broke out, Lee Miller returned to the US and embarked on a new career in photojournalism as the official war photographer for Vogue, documenting the Blitz. 
She teamed up with the American photographer David E. Scherman, a Life correspondent on many assignments. Scherman's photograph of Miller lying in the bathtub of Adolf Hitler's apartment in Munich, with its shower hose looped in the center behind her head, resembling a noose, is one of the most iconic images from the Miller–Scherman partnership.
Lee Miller in Hitler's bathtub, Munich, 1945
Della Oake, by Lee Miller, 1950
Della Oake, by Lee Miller, 1950
1947, Motherhood, second marriage, Farley Farm House
In 1946, Lee Miller found herself pregnant by Penrose, she divorced her husband Bey and on May 3, 1947 married Penrose. Their son, Antony Penrose, was born in September 1947.
In 1949, the couple bought Farley Farm House in Chiddingly, East Sussex. During the 1950s and 1960s, Farley Farm became a sort of artistic Mecca for visiting artists such as Picasso, Ray, Henry Moore, Eileen Agar, Jean Dubuffet, Dorothea Tanning, and Max Ernst. While Miller continued to do the occasional photo shoot for Vogue, she soon discarded the darkroom for the kitchen, becoming a gourmet cook. According to her housekeeper Patsy, she specialized in "historical food" like roast suckling pig as well as treats such as marshmallows in a cola sauce (especially made to annoy English critic Cyril Connolly who told her Americans didn't know how to cook). She also provided photographs for her husband's biographies on Picasso and Antoni Tàpies. However, images from the war, especially the concentration camps, continued to haunt her and she started on what her son later described as a "downward spiral".
1977, death
Miller died of cancer at Farley Farm House in 1977, aged 70. She was cremated, and her ashes were spread through her herb garden at Farley.
Miller's work has served as inspiration for Gucci's Frida Giannini, Ann Demeulemeester and Alexander McQueen. Further reading
Articles and websites
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 Original name: Lourens Alma Tadema Name: Lawrence Alam-Tadema birth place: Dronryp, Netherland birth date: 8 January 1836 zodiac sign: Capricorn death place: Wiesbaden, Germany death date: 25 June 1912  Lawrence Alma-Tadema in 1870 Profile of Lawrence Alma-TademaSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, was a Dutch painter of special British denizenship. Born in Dronrijp, the Netherlands, and trained at the Royal Academy of Antwerp, Belgium, he settled in England in 1870 and spent the rest of his life there. A classical-subject painter, he became famous for his depictions of the luxury and decadence of the Roman Empire, with languorous figures set in fabulous marbled interiors or against a backdrop of dazzling blue Mediterranean Sea and sky. Though admired during his lifetime for his draftsmanship and depictions of Classical antiquity, his work fell into disrepute after his death, and only since the 1960s has it been re-evaluated for its importance within nineteenth-century British art.  Unconscious Rivals (1893), oil on panel, Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery. Biography of Lawrence Alma-TademaLourens Alma Tadema was born on 8 January 1836 in the village of Dronrijp in the province of Friesland in the north of the Netherlands. The Tadema family moved in 1838 to the nearby city of Leeuwarden, where his father Pieter's position as a notary would be more lucrative, but Pieter died two years later when Lourens was only four, leaving his mother with five children. His mother had artistic leanings, and decided that drawing lessons should be incorporated into the children's education. He received his first art training with a local drawing master hired to teach his older half-brothers. It was intended that the boy would become a lawyer; but in 1851 at the age of fifteen he suffered a physical and mental breakdown and given only a short time to live, he was allowed to spend his remaining days as he wanted, drawing and painting. Thus miraculously he regained his health and decided to pursue a career as an artist. From 1858, Tadema began working with the painter Baron Jan August Hendrik Leys, whose studio was one of the most highly regarded in Belgium. Under his guidance Alma-Tadema painted his first major work: The Education of the children of Clovis (1861). This painting created a sensation among critics and artists when it was exhibited that year at the Artistic Congress in Antwerp. It is said to have laid the foundation of his fame and reputation. In 1862 Alma-Tadema left Leys's studio and started his own career, establishing himself as a significant classical-subject European artist.  The Education of the Children of Clovis (1861), oil on canvas, 127 × 176.8 cm, private collection. Queen Clotilde, wife of King Clovis, is shown training her three young children the art of hurling the ax to avenge the death of her father. By Lawrence Alma-Tadema In September 1863, Lawrence Alma-Tadema married to Marie-Pauline Gressin Dumoulin, the daughter of a French journalist, they had two daughters and one son, who died after a few months of birth. While on his honeymoon, Tadema went to Italy with his wife, his first visit there, and it was that he developed his interest in depicting the life of ancient Greece and Rome, especially the latter which fascinated him and would inspire much of his work in the coming decades.  portrait of Lawrence Alma-Tadema's two daughters: Anna (in front) and Laurence by Lawrence Alma-Tadema, 1873 In 1869, Tadema's wife died and he himself suffered health problems, he went to London in search of better medical opinion, and there he met and fell in love with Laura Theresa Epps, which made him decide to move to London, where he would spend the rest of life.  A Greek Woman (1869) Oil on canvas, Private Collection by Lawrence Alma-Tadema After his arrival in England, Alma-Tadema's career was one of continued success. He became one of the most famous and highly paid artists of his time, acknowledged and rewarded. By 1871 he had met and befriended most of the major Pre-Raphaelite painters and it was in part due to their influence that the artist brightened his palette, varied his hues, and lightened his brushwork.  The Sculpture Gallery (1874) Oil on canvas, Private Collection by Lawrence Alma-Tadema In 1872 Alma-Tadema organised his paintings into an identification system by including an opus number under his signature and assigning his earlier pictures numbers as well. Portrait of my sister, Artje, painted in 1851, is numbered opus I, while two months before his death he completed Preparations in the Coliseum, opus CCCCVIII. Such a system would make it difficult for fakes to be passed off as originals.  Photo of Lawrence Alma-Tadema On 19 June 1879, Alma-Tadema was made a full Academician, his most personally important award. Three years later a major retrospective of his entire oeuvre was organised at the Grosvenor Gallery in London, including 185 of his pictures.  Antony and Cleopatra (1883) Oil on canvas, Private Collection by Lawrence Alma-Tadema In 1883 he returned to Rome and, most notably, Pompeii, where further excavations had taken place since his last visit. He spent a significant amount of time studying the site, going there daily. These excursions gave him an ample source of subject matter as he began to further his knowledge of daily Roman life. One of his most famous paintings is The Roses of Heliogabalus (1888) – based on an episode from the life of the debauched Roman Emperor Elagabalus (Heliogabalus), the painting depicts the Emperor suffocating his guests at an orgy under a cascade of rose petals. The blossoms depicted were sent weekly to the artist's London studio from the Riviera for four months during the winter of 1887–1888.  The Roses of Heliogabalus (1888), oil on canvas, 132.1 × 213.7 cm, private collection. Alma-Tadema's output decreased with time, partly on account of health, but also because of his obsession with decorating his new home, to which he moved in 1883. Nevertheless, he continued to exhibit throughout the 1880s. In 1899 he was Knighted in England, only the eighth artist from the Continent to receive the honour. During this time, Alma-Tadema was very active with theatre design and production, designing many costumes. He also spread his artistic boundaries and began to design furniture, often modelled after Pompeian or Egyptian motifs, illustrations, textiles, and frame making. His diverse interests highlight his talents. Each of these exploits were used in his paintings, as he often incorporated some of his designed furniture into the composition, and must have used many of his own designs for the clothing of his female subjects.  Silver Favourites, 1903, oil on wood, 69.1 × 42.2 cm, Manchester Art Gallery. In 1909 Alma-Tadema's wife, Laura, died at the age of fifty-seven. Three years later in the summer of 1912, Alma-Tadema was accompanied by his daughter Anna to Kaiserhof Spa, Wiesbaden, Germany where he was to undergo treatment for ulceration of the stomach.He died there on 28 June 1912 at the age of seventy-six.  Portrait of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema by mehrdad Jamshidi, Iranian painter Style of Lawrence Alma-Tadema The Women of Amphissa (1887) Oil on canvas, Private Collection by Lawrence Alma-Tadema Alma-Tadema's works are remarkable for the way in which flowers, textures and hard reflecting substances, like metals, pottery, and especially marble, are painted – indeed, his realistic depiction of marble led him to be called the 'marbellous painter'. His work shows much of the fine execution and brilliant colour of the old Dutch masters. By the human interest with which he imbues all his scenes from ancient life he brings them within the scope of modern feeling, and charms us with gentle sentiment and playfulness. From early in his career, Alma-Tadema was particularly concerned with architectural accuracy, often including objects that he would see at museums – such as the British Museum in London – in his works. He also read many books and took many images from them. He amassed an enormous number of photographs from ancient sites in Italy, which he used for the most precise accuracy in the details of his compositions. Alma-Tadema was a perfectionist. He worked assiduously to make the most of his paintings, often repeatedly reworking parts of paintings before he found them satisfactory to his own high standards. One humorous story relates that one of his paintings was rejected and instead of keeping it, he gave the canvas to a maid who used it as her table cover. He was sensitive to every detail and architectural line of his paintings, as well as the settings he was depicting. For many of the objects in his paintings, he would depict what was in front of him, using fresh flowers imported from across the continent and even from Africa, rushing to finish the paintings before the flowers died. It was this commitment to veracity that earned him recognition but also caused many of his adversaries to take up arms against his almost encyclopaedic works  The Finding of Moses (1904) Oil on canvas, Private Collection by Lawrence Alma-Tadema Alma-Tadema's work has been linked with that of European Symbolist painters. As an artist of international reputation, he can be cited as an influence on European figures such as Gustav Klimt and Fernand Khnopff. Both painters incorporate classical motifs into their works and use Alma-Tadema's unconventional compositional devices such as abrupt cut-off at the edge of the canvas. They, like Alma-Tadema, also employ coded imagery to convey meaning to their paintings.  Preparation in the Colosseum (1912) Oil on canvas, Private Collection  Name: lambert wilson Birth place: Neuilly-sur-Seine,Paris, France Birth date: 03 august 1958 zodiac sign: leo Nationality: French Languages: French, English, Italian, Spanish Occupation: actor, singer height / taille / altezza / alto / Größe / 高さ / 高度: 1.9m weight / poids / peso / Gewicht / 重量: 76-80kg  Il n'y a que l'amour qui m'intéresse dans la vie. Je place la sphère sentimentale bien avant la carrière ou les considérations matérielles, loin devant l'art. Chaque fois que je prends l'avion, j'imagine qu'une catastrophe survienne. Qu'emporterais-je des rives de la Terre? Le temps que j'ai passé à me consacrer à l'amour: ce serait mon trésor.¨ Biography of Lambert Wilson Lambert Wilson was born on 3 August 1958 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, Paris. Both his father Georges Wilson and mother Nicole Wilson were both actors, so he grew up in the theatrical ambience.  Lamber Wilson`s early dream was to become an actor in US, as he was fascinated about Hollywood, and he wanted to be away from his father to prove he does not need his father to achieve success. He went to England to study English and then went to America. It was a long struggling journey. He appeared in various American films, but none made him ``French Robert Redford ``, his idol, and some of the films he participated were never released. And it was in France, his home country which he had tried to escaped from, that he finally achieved fame and commerical success.  chronicle of elegant characters: 2008: Commes les autres  year: 2010 category: film title: comme des autres role: Emmanuel director: Vincent Garenq synoposis: Emmanuel and Philippe are a loving gay couple, until when Emmanuel wants to have a child, and he decides to take the plunge altough Philippe does not and they seperate. And he has the child in an unusal way, breaking another heart. 2010: le comte de Chabannes  year: 2010
category: film title: la princesse de montpensier role: le comte de Chabannes director: bertrand tavernier Synopsis: (inspired by original story by madame de la fayette) It's a love story romanticized between the Duke of Guise and Miss de Mézière, forced to marry the Prince of Montpensier.  Biography Lino Guanciale (21 maggio 1979) è un attore italiano. Nasce in Abruzzo da padre medico e madre insegnante, la sua carriera d'attore inizia in teatro: diretto da Gigi Proietti recita in Romeo e Giulietta, spettacolo che inaugura il Silvano Toti Globe Theatre di Roma. Nel 2009 debutta al cinema con Io, Don Giovanni di Carlos Saura, nei panni di Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Nel 2011 esordisce anche in televisione con la fiction Il segreto dell'acqua, trasmessa su Rai 1. Nonostante i lavori per il grande e il piccolo schermo, non abbandona comunque il teatro; fra il 2011 e il 2012 è uno dei protagonisti de La resistibile ascesa di Arturo Ui di Bertolt Brecht, per la regia di Claudio Longhi, premiato come miglior spettacolo dell'anno dall'Associazione Nazionale dei Critici Teatrali.  Biography Lino Guanciale is an Italian actor. Born in Abruzzo, his career as an actor started in theatre in Romeo e Giulietta directed by Gigi Proietti. In 2009, he debuted in cinema with film Io, Don Giovanni directed by Carlos Saura, playing Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. And in 2011 he started his career on TV with the series Il segreto dell'acqua, on Italian channel Rai 1. But while working on both small and big screen, Lino never gave up theatre. elegant character2015 La Dama Veleta as Conte Guido Fossà     Louis Garrel, né le 14 juin 1983 à Paris, est un acteur et réalisateur français. Biographie Louis Garrel, né le 14 juin 1983 à Paris, est un acteur et réalisateur français. En 2006, il a reçu le César du meilleur espoir masculin pour Les Amants réguliers et fut nommé deux fois au César du meilleur acteur dans un second rôle.  Guardare un'opera d'arte che mi fa riflettere su qualcosa che sentivo dentro di me e non ero ancora riuscito ad articolare. A Parigi ho visto la mostra di un pittore francese: aveva ritratto un fiore che conoscevo bene, ma del quale non avevo mai colto la grazia. Ecco la felicità, ciò che quell'artista mi ha fatto scoprire. Louis Garrel est le fils du réalisateur Philippe Garrel et de l'actrice et réalisatrice Brigitte Sy, ainsi que le petit-fils de l’acteur Maurice Garrel. Son père emploie très tôt son fils devant la caméra. Le jeune Louis joue alors en compagnie de sa mère et de son grand-père dans les films de son père, et tout spécialement dans Les Baisers de secours (1989) à l'âge de six ans. Louis Garrel poursuit sa carrière au cinéma en tournant notamment dans deux évocations de mai 68 : Innocents - The Dreamers de Bernardo Bertolucci en 2003 avec Eva Green et Les Amants réguliers de Philippe Garrel en 2005. C'est pour ce dernier film qu'il obtient en 2006 deux récompenses : l'Étoile d'or de la révélation masculine décernée par l’Académie de la presse du cinéma français et le César du meilleur espoir masculin.  Innocents - The Dreamers, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci, 2003 Biography Louis Garrel is the son of French director Philippe Garrel and French actress and director Brigitte Sy, and also grandson of French actor Maurice Garrel. His father used Louis in front of the camera early on, and young Louis played with his mother and his grandfather in the films of his father, in particular in Les Baisers de secures (1989) when he was 6 years old. Louis Garrel was first noticed because of the Italian director Bernardo Bertolucci's drama Innocents - The Dreamers released in 2003 where he played the twin brother of Eva Green. Two years later, he played in his father's film Les Amants réguliers for which he was awarded the César award for most promising actor.  "Ho letto Il mestiere di vivere dello scrittore italiano Cesare Pavese. Cerco il senso dell’esistenza. Sono ateo, non ho ricevuto un'educazione religiosa e il cinema è il mio catechismo" Romance  2009-2012: with Italian-French actress, screenwriter and director Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, elder sister of Carla Bruni, wife of French ex-president Nicolas Sarkozy.  Louis Garrel with Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, elder sister of Carla Bruni 2015- with French model and actress Laetitia Casta, whom he married in 2017  Louis Garrel with his wife Laetitia Casta |